Battles: July 2, 2026

 Open to Interpretation

#Battles

Game on...on the radio...feed drops historical battles all the time...today's notable, the Mongols threatening Egypt...Padres 3-Dodgers 0...Susaki pitching...top of second...the Mongols were beaten back, their first defeat...I thought that was in Ukraine, nearabout Crimea...then something happened at Rome...

✨️Mongols threatened Egypt second...they were beaten back, their first defeat...I thought that was in Ukraine, nearabout Crimea...then something happened at Rome...

The Mongols were beaten back and suffered their first major, irreversible open-field defeat at the Battle of Ain Jalut on September 3, 1260. The battle took place in the Jezreel Valley in present-day Israel, just north of Egypt, destroying the myth of Mongol invincibility. [1, 2, 3]
The events you are thinking of in Ukraine/Crimea and Rome happened during entirely different campaigns:
• Ukraine/Crimea (1223): You are likely thinking of the Battle of the Kalka River, where a Mongol vanguard decimated a coalition of Kievan Rus and Cuman princes. This occurred decades before Ain Jalut. The Mongols later devastated the region around Crimea in 1239. [1, 2, 3]Europe (1241): Around the same time, the main Mongol force rode into Eastern Europe, destroying armies in Poland and Hungary. [1, 2]Rome / The Pope (1241–1245): Europe feared the "Golden Horde" would march on Rome next. Pope Innocent IV sent papal envoys (such as Giovanni da Pian del Carpine) across Eurasia directly to the Mongol capital to negotiate peace and gather intelligence. [1]
The successful repulsion of the Mongols in 1260 was achieved by the Mamluks, who were an elite caste of slave-soldiers. Led by Sultan Qutuz and general Baibars, the Mamluks drew the Mongol forces into a trap using a feigned retreat. You can read more about how this changed history on Britannica. [1, 2, 3]

🎶like seeing an answer on the Jeopardy board...a play along...

✨️what manner of logistic support did the Mongols use compared to Alexander the Great

The Mongols relied on decentralization, nomadic mobility, and self-sufficiency, whereas Alexander the Great depended on a highly structured, vulnerable supply chain. The Mongols operated as a self-contained logistical entity. Every soldier managed their own string of remount horses, utilizing the animals for transportation, milk, and blood. In contrast, Alexander maintained a massive wagon train of oxen and baggage handlers, which limited his army’s daily travel speed and required constant protection. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
The Mongol System: Decentralized and Autonomous
• The Remount System: Each Mongol cavalryman traveled with 3 to 5 horses. They swapped mounts continuously while riding, preserving the horses' energy and enabling the army to advance up to 60 miles per day. [1, 2, 3, 4]Self-Sufficiency & Foraging: The soldiers carried highly concentrated, dehydrated rations like bort (dried and pounded meat) and dried milk curds. In emergencies, they could drink blood from their horses' veins without causing permanent harm to the animals. [1]The Yam Postal Network: To manage their sprawling territory, the Mongols established a relay-station communication network. While Alexander relied on messengers on foot or single riders who could be waylaid, the Mongol Yam utilized a pony-express style system to safely and swiftly dispatch goods and military orders across the empire. [1, 2, 3]
The Macedonian System: Structured and Vulnerable
• Supply Lines: Alexander's campaigns heavily relied on keeping open communications to base camps and coastal ports. His logistics required a tether to secure territories to provide grain and fodder for his infantry and the cavalry's heavy chargers. [1, 2]Vulnerable Wagons: The reliance on heavy pack animals and supply trains restricted the campaign's pace and maneuvering capabilities. If Alexander’s supply train was attacked or cut off, the army faced severe starvation. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]Foraging Expeditions: When supply lines were stretched too thin, Alexander had to break his forces into smaller divisions to forage across the countryside. [1, 2]

🎶Padres 6-Dodgers 0...bottom of second..."bort"...?...

🧐bort mongol food

Borts is a traditional Mongolian method of air-dried or sun-dried meat, commonly made from beef, goat, or camel. Historically a staple survival food for Genghis Khan's armies, the lean meat is cut into thick strips and dried until it can be ground into a powder or flakes. Because its volume shrinks significantly, it is perfect for reconstituting into warm, nourishing soups, teas, or dumplings (like buuz). [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
If you are craving Mongolian-style stir-fry or looking to experience traditional Central Asian flavors nearby, Garden Grove and the surrounding areas offer several great spots to check out:
• Genghis Khan Mongolian BBQ: Located at 7132-A Garden Grove Blvd, Westminster, this classic spot is just 4.5 miles away. It is known for its custom stir-fry bowls, sesame pockets, and traditional cooking style. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

🎶Ohtani up...W...Rushing had a two run homer...Padres 6-Dodgers 2...restaurant still open?..."closing soon"...they're over by that industrial accident...out for a snack...wait...where were the Mongols stopped in Europe?...

✨️..where were the Mongols stopped in Europe?...

🎶castles stopped them...and I'm confusing them with Islam's conquests...Vlad the Impaller, Dracula, stopped the Ottomans-scared them away?...

✨️Vlad the Impaller, Dracula, stopped them-scared them away?...

🎶Ottomans-Islam...Padres 6-Dodgers 3...Ottomans took Egypt?...yep...defeated the Mamluks, who earlier defeated the Mongols...and who were the Mamluks?...not native Egyptians, if I recall...

✨️Mamluks were ethnically diverse, non-Arab enslaved mercenaries and slave-soldiers (predominantly Turkic and Circassian) who served in the Islamic world from the 9th to the 19th centuries. Converted to Islam and trained in elite martial skills, they eventually seized power, most famously establishing their own powerful Sultanate in Egypt and Syria. [1, 2, 3]

The Mamluk system was one of the most unique and successful military castes in medieval history. Here is a breakdown of who they were and their historical impact: [1]
Origins as "Owned" Warriors
• The Name: Derived from the Arabic word for "owned" or "slave" (mamlūk), these men began their lives as foreign captives or purchased boys, often from the Eurasian Steppe or the Caucasus Mountains. [1, 2]Military Exclusivity: Islamic law generally prohibited enslaving free Muslims, so Mamluks were imported from non-Muslim, Christian, or pagan territories. Young boys around the age of 13 were taken, converted to Islam, and subjected to rigorous physical and military training. [1, 2, 3, 4]Social Prestige: Though legally enslaved upon purchase, Mamluks occupied an elite, highly privileged social status. They were valued for their absolute loyalty to their masters, unburdened by local tribal or familial political ties. [1, 2]
Rise to Power
• The Mamluk Sultanate (1250–1517): Originally used as bodyguards and elite vanguard forces for the Ayyubid dynasty, Mamluk generals eventually exploited their military dominance to overthrow their masters. They founded the Mamluk Sultanate, ruling over Egypt, Syria, and parts of the Holy Land for over 250 years. [1, 2, 3]Stopping the Mongols: Their crowning achievement occurred in 1260 at the Battle of Ain Jalut, where Mamluk forces decisively defeated the Mongol Empire, permanently halting their southward expansion into the Middle East. [1, 2]Ending the Crusades: Over the following decades, Mamluk armies led by legendary sultans like Baibars systematically eradicated the Crusader states in the Levant. [1, 2]
A Self-Perpetuating Class
• Non-Inherited Status: Because the Mamluks' identity was rooted in their foreign, military-slave background, a Mamluk generally could not pass his title or property directly to his sons. In theory, their own children were excluded from the Mamluk ranks. [1, 2]Continuous Recruitment: To replenish their numbers, the ruling Mamluks continuously imported new waves of foreign youths. The Sultanate is largely divided into two primary eras: the early Turkish (Bahri) Mamluks (1250–1382) and the later Circassian (Burji) Mamluks (1382–1517). [1, 2, 3, 4]
Legacy
Although the Mamluk Sultanate was conquered by the Ottoman Empire in 1517, the Mamluks continued to hold significant political influence and governance power in Egypt until the early 19th century. They remain widely remembered for their master-level horsemanship, mounted archery, and cultural patronage, leaving behind a wealth of spectacular architecture still visible in Cairo and Jerusalem. [1, 2, 3]

🎶they were Scythians!

✨️The Mamluks were not Scythians, though both groups originated as nomadic horsemen from the Eurasian steppes. Scythians were ancient Indo-Iranian tribes from the 1st millennium BCE, while the Mamluks were primarily Turkic and Circassian slave-soldiers who ruled Egypt and Syria from the 13th to the 16th centuries. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
While separated by hundreds of years, they shared some cultural overlaps—like supreme mastery of cavalry warfare and nomadic ancestry. The Mamluks, however, trace their exact lineage to later medieval steppe populations and the Caucasus. [1, 2, 3]
The history of these groups divides into two distinct timelines and geographies: [1, 2, 3]
• The Scythians: An ancient, nomadic confederation of Iranic-speaking tribes who dominated the Eurasian steppes from roughly the 9th to the 4th centuries BCE. They ranged from Eastern Europe to the borders of China, and are famous for their golden artifacts and mounted archery. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]The Mamluks: Primarily enslaved mercenaries purchased by Muslim rulers starting in the 9th century. The most famous Mamluks were the Qipchak Turks (from the southern Russian and Ukrainian steppes) and the Circassians (from the Caucasus). They famously seized power in 1250 and established the Mamluk Sultanate, famously stopping the Mongol advance at the Battle of Ain Jalut.

🎶Padres 6-Dodgers 6...Betts with rbi double...Padres 6-Dodgers 7...Muncie rbi single...Padres 6-Dodgers 8...

🧐https://thisweekinpalestine.com/mamluk-heritage-in-jerusalem/

🎶mongol barbeque, or a ticket to Jerusalem...top of fifth...out for snack...bbk...Micky D's chicken nuggets combo with bbq sauce...top of eighth...

✨️Jerusalem’s history up to the Roman conquest spans over 2,000 years, evolving from a Bronze Age Canaanite settlement into the spiritual and political capital of the ancient Israelites. It survived successive conquests by Babylonians, Persians, Greeks, and the Hasmoneans before finally falling to Rome in 63 BCE. [1, 2, 3]

Canaanite and Israelite Foundations (c. 2000 – 587 BCE)
• c. 2000 BCE: The earliest written mention of Jerusalem (as Rushalimum) appears in Middle Egyptian texts.c. 1000 BCE: King David conquered the city from the Jebusites, establishing it as the neutral, united capital of the Kingdom of Israel.c. 950 BCE: King Solomon built the First Temple, establishing Jerusalem as the epicenter of Jewish religious and cultural life.587 BCE: The Babylonian Empire, under King Nebuchadnezzar II, besieged Jerusalem, destroyed Solomon's Temple, and exiled the Jewish population. [1, 2, 3]
Persian, Hellenistic, and Hasmonean Periods (c. 538 – 63 BCE)
• 538 BCE: Persian King Cyrus the Great conquered Babylon and allowed the Jewish exiles to return and build the Second Temple.332 BCE: Alexander the Great conquered the region, introducing Greek (Hellenistic) culture.167 BCE: Following the desecration of the Second Temple by Seleucid rulers, the Maccabean Revolt succeeded in recapturing the city, establishing the independent Hasmonean Dynasty. [1, 2, 3]
The Roman Conquest (63 BCE)
• 63 BCE: Roman general Pompey the Great intervened in a Hasmonean civil war, laying siege to Jerusalem and bringing the city under Roman control. This marked the end of Jewish independence and initiated a long period of Roman domination.37 BCE: Rome installed Herod the Great as a client king of Judea. He heavily expanded the city and fortified the Temple Mount. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

✨️Following the Roman conquest in 63 BCE, Jerusalem transformed from a regional biblical capital into a deeply contested global focal point, changing hands between major empires for over two millennia. Its history after Rome is defined by massive shifts in religion, architecture, and demographics, eventually culminating in its modern status. [1, 2, 3, 4]
Roman and Byzantine Rules (63 BCE – 638 CE)
• The Destructions: Following a massive Jewish uprising, Roman legions under Titus breached the city and completely destroyed the Second Temple in 70 CE. [1, 2]Aelia Capitolina: In 130 CE, Emperor Hadrian flattened the remains, banned Jewish residents, and rebuilt the city as a pagan Roman colony named Aelia Capitolina. [1, 2]Christian Transformation: Under Emperor Constantine and the subsequent Byzantine Empire in the 4th century, the city transitioned into a Christian hub. Constantine's mother, Helena, initiated the construction of the iconic Church of the Holy Sepulchre. [1, 2, 3]
Islamic, Crusader, and Mamluk Dynasties (638 – 1517 CE)
• Early Muslim Period: Caliph Umar Ibn Al-Khattab conquered the city peacefully in 638 CE, lifting the Byzantine ban on Jewish residents. The Umayyad Caliphate later constructed the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque on the Temple Mount. [1, 2, 3]The Crusades: In 1099, European Knights captured Jerusalem during the First Crusade, massacring the local Muslim and Jewish inhabitants to establish the Kingdom of Jerusalem. [1, 2]Saladin & Mamluks: The Muslim military leader Saladin recaptured Jerusalem in 1187. Control eventually shifted to the Mamluks of Egypt, who governed the city as a major religious center until the early 16th century. [1, 2, 3, 4]
The Ottoman Empire (1517 – 1917 CE)
• Sultan Suleiman: The Ottoman Empire absorbed Jerusalem in 1517. Between 1537 and 1541, Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent ordered the construction of the famous stone walls that still surround the Old City today. [1, 2, 3]Modern Expansion: By the late 19th century, the population outgrew the old walls, sparking the expansion of new neighborhoods outside the historic core. [1]
British Mandate and the Modern Era (1917 – Present)
• British Rule: British forces took over the city in 1917 during World War I. They administered it under the British Mandate of Palestine amidst escalating local tensions.A Divided City: Following the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, Jerusalem was partitioned. Israel controlled West Jerusalem, while Jordan held East Jerusalem and the Old City.Unification: During the Six-Day War of 1967, Israel captured East Jerusalem, effectively unifying the city under its governance. In 1980, the Knesset declared Jerusalem the undivided capital of Israel, an administrative status that remains a core subject of international political debate and dispute. [1, 2, 3, 4]

🎶Padres 7-Dodgers 12...Angels 0-Mainers 1...

:)

DavidDavid

Bastion: July 1, 2026

Open to Interpretation

#Bastion

Game on...on the Radio...Dodgers at Athletics...Tommy up...two outs...W...two on...Freeland up...the missions Spain established in California, were they "fortress towns"?...oft visited San Juan Capistrano when I was a little kid...got lost...thought to run off to see the bells ringing...dissappointed-they were a recording...aand, took the wrong way back...remember the iron pots for boiling talo...my tears told my plight, and an African American couple delivered me to my family...we just moved from Chicago...end of fourth...Dodgers 1-As 1...so, I learned about the Missions, a sentimental romantic era-tv show Zorro...and the missions were built thirty miles apart, or so...along the King's Highway  from San Diego to San Francisco...Ohtani up...ground out...bottom of fourth...reading about the way stations of the Egyptian on their trails out into the desert reminded me of the Missions...soldiers, priests, ranchers, and native labor, all under the King...oh...feed dropped clip of children goat herders in a hard scrable land...modern...add about inroads of climate change...noted, that children were used to herd, corral, sheperd, the goats...that must go way back...kids have a connect with animals...time for cats...Freeman up...sometime adults...the Missions were little walled forts against the the dangerous Natives...oh, I have to revisit the diaries and journals the Spanish kept...not much like that left from Egyptian fortress towns...Dodgers 1-As 4...

✨️The Real Fortress Town: Tjaru (Tell el-Habua)

If you are looking for the actual fortress towns that defended ancient Egypt's borders, archaeologists have uncovered massive military cities. [1, 2]
• Location: Tjaru (also called Sile or Tell el-Habua) was the largest known ancient Egyptian fortress town. It is located in the northern Sinai Peninsula, just east of the Suez Canal. [1, 2, 3, 4]The Function: It sat at the start of the Way of Horus, a massive military and trade route connecting Egypt to the Levant and protecting the eastern frontier. [1, 2]The Architecture: Discoveries at the site revealed 3,500-year-old defensive towers, giant water-filled moats, and brilliant zigzag-shaped walls designed to reinforce stability and mitigate desert sand erosion. [1, 2]Daily Life: Excavators have found large bread-making ovens, petrified dough, and storerooms, showing that an estimated 500 soldiers lived at and operated out of this heavily fortified garrison. [1, 2]
You can find the real-world historical context and recent discoveries of Tjaru detailed on the Archaeology Magazine website.
Would you like to know more about the historical Way of Horus military route, or are you looking to read about Merer's 4,500-year-old papyrus logs? Let me know how you want to proceed! [1, 2, 3]

🎶zig zag walls?...that harks to Sacsayhuamán Peru...Dodgers 1-As 6...bullpen batting practice day for the Dodgers...top of fifth...

✨️1. Sacsayhuamán (Cusco, Peru)

Located on a steep hill overlooking the historic Incan capital of Cusco, Sacsayhuamán is globally famous for its mind-boggling engineering. [1, 2]
• Megalithic Architecture: Built using a technique called Ashlar, the Incas cut and polished massive limestone blocks—some weighing up to 125 tons—fitting them together so perfectly that not even a piece of paper can slip between them without mortar. [1, 2, 3]Design & Purpose: The main fortress wall spans a series of distinct zigzag terraces. Historically, it served as both a highly defensible citadel and a sacred ceremonial space. It was also the site of a brutal battle in 1536 between Incan forces and Spanish conquistadors. [1, 2, 3]Subterranean Secrets: Modern ground-penetrating radar surveys have confirmed the existence of extensive underground tunnels (chincanas) connecting Sacsayhuamán to Cusco's city center, likely built to manage sacred water infrastructure or provide noble escape routes. [1, 2, 3]
2. Tell el-Habua / Tel el-Habura (Sinai, Egypt)
Located in the northwestern Sinai Peninsula near modern-day el-Qantara East, Tell el-Habua is recognized by archaeologists as the largest ancient Egyptian fortress ever excavated. [1, 2]
• The Frontier City of Tjaru: Tell el-Habua is heavily associated with the ancient Egyptian border town of Tjaru (or Sile), which acted as the main customs and military checkpoint out of Egypt and into Canaan. [1, 2]The Ways of Horus: It was the official starting point of the "Way of Horus," a heavily fortified ancient military road lined with 11 defensive structures to protect New Kingdom Egypt from Asiatic invasions from the east. [1, 2, 3, 4]Recent Discoveries: Ongoing excavations have uncovered fortified gateways, 11 massive defensive towers, barracks, and residential quarters complete with ancient ovens and dough fragments. Cartouches and seals found here explicitly bear the names of great pharaohs like Thutmose I and Seti I. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

✨️fortress towns on the Way of Horus

The "Way of Horus" (or Horus Military Road) was a heavily guarded, 120-mile (approx. 180-220 km) coastal corridor connecting the Nile Delta to Canaan. It served as ancient Egypt's vital eastern defense and supply line during the New Kingdom period (c. 1550–1070 BCE). [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
The route was lined with a chain of fortified towns, wells, and strongholds spaced about a day's march apart. The key fortresses and stations, from west to east, include: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
• Tjaru (Zarw / Sile): The starting point and largest of the fortresses. Located near modern Al Qantarah East, it featured massive granaries, military harbors, and a bridge over a crocodile-infested canal that controlled who entered and exited the Delta. [1, 2, 3, 4]Tell el-Borg: Located about 1.8 miles (3 km) east of Tjaru, this served as the next line of defense and contained an 18th-Dynasty moat and successive Ramesside period forts. [1]The Dwelling of the Lion (Tell el-Habua II): Identified as the second major station, this heavily fortified outpost was situated along a lagoon. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]Tell el-Kharouba (Near Sheikh Zuweid): A major New Kingdom discovery, this 3,500-year-old fort covered over 86,000 square feet. It was built with a unique zigzag wall to resist desert winds and housed up to 500 soldiers. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]Tell el-Kedwa: Situated on the eastern edge of an ancient lagoon, this stronghold dates to the later Saite Period and guarded the northern access point to Egypt. [1]Bir Al-Abd & Bir Qatia (Buto of Seti I): These desert oases were fortified with wells to act as vital watering holes and garrison stations between the larger fortified towns. [1, 2, 3]Raphia (Rafah): The final fortified border town before entering Canaan, marking the end of the Way of Horus. [1, 2]

🎶thought is the Way continued to Jerusalem...

✨️The Way of Horus officially ended at the ancient border town of Rafah, but its geographic extension continued past Rafah into Gaza and inland to Jerusalem via historical branch routes. [1, 2, 3]

The Coastal Extension (Via Maris)
From Rafah, the physical coastal highway continued northward into Canaan. In later historical periods, this larger international trunk line became widely known by its Latin name, the Via Maris (Way of the Sea). It connected Egypt's frontier to the major ancient hub of Gaza. [1, 2, 3, 4]
Branching Inland to Jerusalem
Because the main coastal route stayed along the Mediterranean plain to link Egypt with Syria and Mesopotamia, reaching Jerusalem required travelers to turn inland. Travelers moving from Rafah toward Jerusalem typically split from the coastal highway using one of two primary regional paths: [1, 2]
• The Lachish Road: Branching directly inland from Gaza, travelers cut northeast through the Shephelah (foothills) and ascended into the Judean Mountains to reach Jerusalem. [1, 2]The Jaffa / Bethoron Ascent: Travelers who continued further north along the coast to the ancient port of Jaffa would turn east, taking the historic Bethoron Ascent up into the mountains directly to Jerusalem. [1, 2]In biblical geography, this entire network starting from the Egyptian border is frequently referred to as the "Way of the Land of the Philistines". [1, 2]

🎶Ohtani K...bottom of seventh...the Incas had way stations too on their famous Trail...Sacsayhuamán is a mystery...overbuilt for Inca defense...kinda like the Missions...and it's some kinda ceremonial complex...top of eighth..

if one is to write of these times-one should be a sheperd in the desert, sail the Nile, build with adobe bricks, walk from Rafah to Jerusalem...history study is an adventure, but isn't history...that the California Missions were built with adobe, kind of a throw back back then...that whole adventure, last of the Spanish exploration...a curio to compare a Mission with Fort Ross, the Russian fort...another brief sentimental romance...Kingdoms can do that...not to be so quickly dismissed...and not so long ago...oh, the Natives nowadays won't have such...no kings...enough with the mud brick conscription...Dodgers 1-As 7...USA 2 Bosnia-Herzenegovia 0...to round of 16...top of ninth... Angels off today...need to go to store...bbk...Napoleon crowned himself...and the British were very wary of him...tatctically, he lacked logistics...

✨️

Napoleon did not entirely lack logistics; rather, his strategy relied heavily on speed and "living off the land" rather than traditional supply chains. This approach allowed his army to move incredibly fast, but it routinely broke down in barren, devastated, or vast territories, leading to devastating supply crises.

✨️fortress town logistics
+6
Alexander the Great’s conquests were powered by a sophisticated logistics network that relied heavily on fortress towns, garrison cities, and the Persian Royal Road system. He established fortified nodes to house troops, secure supply lines, and protect against guerilla attacks as his army marched deeper into Asia.
 [1]

🎶top of ninth...Ohtani K...Dodgers 1-As 7...

:)

DavidDavid

Focus: June 30, 2026

 Open to Interpretation

#Focus

Game on...on the radio...Dodgers at Athletics...Focus...as in "soft focus"...aspect rather than perspective...or some such... new clip, podcast illustrated with Egyptian art, mostly ritual mourners, mourning...sad to think on...aand, I just lose myself in how it is all a marvel...the line work of the artists might have a goal behind it...Ohtani up...I was listening, and my focus became peripheral-no center of focus, and 🍿, a sudden the scenes took on a liveliness...hard to explain...from static cartoons to real figures...in art viewing, this has term..."soft focus"...and that term I found trying to figure out what I was seeing...Pages with hit...Freeman up...Dodgers score two...Dodgers 2-As 0...bottom of first...aand, it's a term out of line with what I'm trying to say: that the Egyptian artist were trying to use soft focus...

✨️Ancient Egyptian art prioritizes "aspective" representation over linear perspective, meaning objects and figures are drawn from their most informative and recognizable angles to capture their eternal essence rather than a fleeting, single-viewpoint moment. [1, 2]

The Concept of Aspective Art
Rather than trying to capture a three-dimensional illusion from one fixed viewpoint (the Western tradition of perspective), Egyptian artists broke down subjects into their most diagnostic parts and reconstructed them on a flat plane. The term "aspective" describes this conceptual approach, where information and completeness trump visual realism. This design served a vital religious and magical purpose: to give the subject permanence and order in the afterlife. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Visual Conventions of Aspective Style
• Composite Views: Human figures are depicted with the head and limbs in profile, but the eye and shoulders facing fully frontal to maximize clarity. [1, 2]Hieratic Scale: The size of a figure directly reflects their social or divine importance rather than their physical distance from the viewer. [1, 2]No Vanishing Point: Scenes lack foreshortening or horizon lines; instead, they use flat, parallel lines called registers to organize space and depth

🎶the artists' "most informative and recognizable angles"...in figure drawing class one is shown how to look for landmarks, elbows, knees, the back of knees, opposite curves-concave, convex...all kinds of things that suggest the figure...our acuity for seeing is keen for the figure, faces, gestures...the Egyptians take it to a level like Picasso...

✨️Viewing Pablo Picasso’s abstract and Cubist art with an "unfocused" eye or a soft blur can radically alter how you perceive its complex forms. [1]

How Soft Focus Changes the Artwork
• Blurs Fractured Lines: Cubism breaks objects into sharp geometric fragments, which soften when viewed out of focus.Emphasizes Color Blocks: Bold patches of color shift to the foreground, taking precedence over harsh structural lines.Reveals Hidden Shapes: Squinting or looking past the details allows the mind to synthesize multiple overlapping perspectives into a singular mood or large emotional form.Mimics Picasso's Process: Picasso often painted from shifting viewpoints, meaning an unfocused view leans directly into the fluidity of his abstract visual language.

🎶Ohtani up...AI hasn't got what I'm trying to say...but it gets at we have a regular way of viewing, and there are others...basketball players use peripheral vision...

✨️Yes, baseball hitters heavily rely on peripheral vision. When facing a pitch, a batter uses "soft focus" or a visual pivot point—anchoring their eyes near the pitcher's release point while using peripheral vision to pick up the ball's trajectory and minute details like its spin. [1, 2, 3, 4]

Professional hitters utilize several specific vision strategies at the plate:
• Visual Pivot Points: Batters often fixate on a reference point close to the pitcher's release point (like their hat or hip) so they can track the ball's immediate emergence into their peripheral vision. [1]Quiet Eye Technique: Elite hitters hold a steady, concentrated gaze (the "quiet eye") right before the pitch is delivered, allowing the brain more time to process visual information and initiate a swing. [1, 2]Dynamic Visual Acuity: Because pitches travel at extremely high speeds, batters must process a slightly blurred image and use peripheral perception to estimate the ball's final location in the strike zone. [1]
Peripheral vision is also highly trainable, and many major leaguers use sports vision training to sharpen their reaction times and dynamic visual acuity. [1, 2]

✨️Picasso’s signature "soft" or stylized visual approach—specifically the cubist technique of depicting an object from multiple viewpoints simultaneously—is heavily inspired by Ancient Egyptian art. He incorporated this cross-cultural borrowing directly into his foundational works, such as Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907). [1, 2, 3]

Key Details of this Influence
• Multiple Perspectives: Ancient Egyptian tomb paintings and wall reliefs famously depicted the human body simultaneously from the front (torso and eye) and in profile (head, arms, and legs). Picasso used this concept to reject 500 years of European Renaissance perspective, allowing him to show different angles of a face or object in a single image. [1, 2, 3, 4]The 1907 Breakthrough: In his seminal painting Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, the figure on the far left exhibits distinct facial features and a rigid posture derived directly from Egyptian and Iberian styles. Art historians often describe this as the launching point for his Cubist and Primitivist periods. [1, 2, 3]L'Egyptienne: Picasso later directly referenced this connection in his 1950s work The Egyptian (or L'Egyptienne), a sugar-lift aquatint print depicting his partner Françoise Gilot. This piece fused front-facing and profile views with striking, elongated features. [1, 2, 3]

🎶my reach, is in how the Egyptians draw butts, bottoms, both male and female...as always, they have a canon on how to draw butts...they're just bumps under the clothing....then it gets worse...the women have womanish curves, the thigh, the calf, ankles, legs together sideways...and the men are straight legged...always like this on walls, papyrus, coffins, figures...AI notes the other things...but it is just the butts alone...with soft focus, the peripheral, can cue...Tommy with first homerun this year on return!...and the other anatomy cues make for the liveliness...with Picasso, his cleverness is owned up to...how the Egyptians arrived at their cleverness, I dunno...a puzzle tho for the curious!...Picasso said to make one painting for himself, another to market...?...thing is he didn't repeat...thing is, the Egyptians repeated everything!...if you have something unique, an artifact, said to be from ancient Egypt, ask if it's fake!...the repitition is some kinda clever...see the same in pre-Columbian Americas...Ohtani up...infield hit...

✨️Egyptian aspective art—often called "frontalism"—is a technique where artists depicted the most recognizable angle of every body part simultaneously rather than rendering realistic perspective. This ensured that every essential feature remained perfectly clear, complete, and eternal. [1, 2, 3, 4]

Key Characteristics
• The Head: Shown in profile, but the eye is drawn as if looking directly forward.The Torso: Shoulders and chest face completely forward to display the full breadth of the body.The Legs & Feet: Shown in profile, striding forward, with the big toe visible on the outside of both feet. [1, 2]
Iconic Examples
• The Narmer Palette: Housed in the Egyptian Museum, this early, highly influential artifact shows King Narmer in classic aspective poses. His torso faces forward, while his head and legs are in profile as he vanquishes an enemy. [1, 2, 3]Tomb of Nebamun (British Museum): Famous fragments feature banquet scenes and fowling scenes. The musicians and figures are rendered in strict aspective poses, showcasing front-facing torsos and profile heads.Tomb of Queen Nefertari (Valley of the Queens): The wall paintings in Nefertari’s tomb (such as her playing Senet) demonstrate this technique beautifully, combining aspective human figures with completely flat, profile depictions of furniture and hieroglyphs. [1, 2]Relief of Akhenaten and His Family (Berlin State Museums): Even during the unconventional Amarna period, the royal family's bodies were rendered utilizing the traditional aspective alignment of head, torso, and limbs. [1, 2]

🎶bottom of fourth...I dont know why they do this, or even if they know they are doing this...suspect Egyptians just did things from instinct like birds flying, fish swimming-the Nile and Desert was the medium that shaped them...mediums can make things...top of fifth...Teoscar up...Dodgers 5-As 1...for reals...why the ancients thought them gods...Incas with their mountains...Tommy with a hit...pause for a snack!...oh, the As and Dodgers both have players namedMuncie-cause of the bobbles I thought...bbk...bk...Angels 1-Mariners 6...there, sixth inning...Dodgers 9-As 3...

🧐https://youtu.be/iwMH3JLcDuw?is=ywpcftvTmcdiND1g

🎶the scenes take on feelings with soft focus...asking why? comes back with the usual, Egyptians didn't have a word for art, scenes were magic spells directed at the gods, and so on...what did an Egyptian kid with a paint box think to become...a stamp?..."keep the line going..."...Manager Roberts to win his thousandth game...bottom of ninth...baseball stats are trivia...and sacred...Dodgers 9-As 3...

:)

DavidDavid

Corbeled: June 29, 2026

Open to Interpretation

#Corbeled 

Game on...on the radio...Dodgers at Athletics...Tucker gets a lucky break...As outfielder blinded by the sun...Teoscar to third...top of second...rolled out to the beach to get yearly state park past...not that I'll use it much...just dont want to be deterred by summertime high fees...Muncie hit...run in...Dodgers 1-As 0...cats want dinner...Tucker, Little, and Tuxedo, I feed now on back porch...the rest, front porch...Ohtani up...two on...one out...it's a segue to go from the Corbeled Doorway at Uxma Governor's Palace, to that Mycenean Tomb, Agememnons?...K...Pages up...K...Dodgers 2-As 0...

✨️Mycenaean corbelled tombs, commonly known as tholos or beehive tombs, are monumental subterranean burial chambers. Typically built for royalty and the ruling class between 1500 and 1250 BCE, they feature a conical vault created by overlapping concentric circles of stone, sealed under earthen mounds. [1, 2, 3, 4]

These architectural marvels, which likely evolved from earlier Minoan circular tombs in Crete, served as elite family vaults and were periodically reopened for multiple interments over generations. [1, 2]
Standard Design and Architecture
A classic Mycenaean tholos tomb consists of three primary elements: [1, 2]
• The Dromos: A long, open-air passage cut into the hillside that leads toward the entrance. [1, 2]The Stomion: A massive, rectangular doorway connecting the passage to the chamber, originally closed off with heavy stones and wooden doors. [1, 2]The Tholos: The main circular burial chamber defined by its soaring, corbelled dome. The corbelling technique involved stacking successively smaller rings of ashlar masonry to form a conical vault. [1]
To prevent the immense weight of the earthen mound from collapsing the entrance, builders utilized a structural relieving triangle above the massive lintel stones, which diverted pressure away from the doorway. [1]
Famous Examples
Around nine of these monumental tombs surround the citadel of Mycenae, showcasing a clear evolution in structural engineering: [1, 2]
• The Treasury of Atreus (c. 1250 BCE): The most famous beehive tomb, also known as the Tomb of Agamemnon. Its breathtaking corbelled dome was the widest and tallest in the world for over a thousand years, measuring 43 feet (13.5 m) in both diameter and height. [1, 2, 3]The Tomb of Clytemnestra (c. 13th Century BCE): A late, highly sophisticated tholos situated near the citadel's walls. [1, 2]The Cyclopean Tomb and Tomb of Aegisthus: Earlier, Group I examples that display comparatively simpler masonry and occasionally suffered from structural collapses. [1, 2, 3]
Other significant tholoi have been discovered across the Peloponnese and the Cyclades (such as on Naxos), highlighting the widespread cultural influence of the Mycenaean elite. [1, 2]

🎶As get a run...forget, did Egypt have corbeled doorways?

did Egypt have corbeled doorways?

Yes, ancient Egyptians utilized corbelling (or corbelled construction), although they primarily used the technique for roofing, ceilings, and vaults inside massive monuments rather than for standard doorways. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
How Corbelling Was Used
A corbel arch or vault is constructed by stacking horizontal courses of stone or brick, with each layer projecting slightly further inward than the one below it, until the gap at the top can be bridged by a single capstone. [1, 2]
• Pyramid Galleries & Chambers: The most famous examples of Egyptian corbelling can be found in the interior of the Red Pyramid and the Bent Pyramid at Dahshur, as well as the Grand Gallery inside the Great Pyramid of Giza. Builders used corbelled vaults to bridge wide spaces and evenly distribute the immense weight of the stone above them. [1, 2, 3, 4]Doorways & Structural Openings: While corbelling was used to support the weight over openings, actual doorways in Egyptian architecture were almost exclusively built using straight stone lintels (post-and-lintel construction). [1, 2]
"False Doors"
While they did not corbel their doorways open, the Egyptians are famous for creating "false doors". These were carved architectural elements designed to look like a standard recessed doorway. However, they were purely symbolic and served as a spiritual threshold for the soul (the ka) to move between the worlds of the living and the dead. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Would you like to know more about the corbelled ceiling in the Great Pyramid, or explore the spiritual significance of the false doors in Egyptian tombs?

🎶hard to forget the Grand Gallery in the Great Pyramid!...corbelling is a cleverness...and it's one of those sacred mysteries shared by the ancients...Dodgers 2-As 3...

✨️ancient sacred mysteries corbelled architecture

Corbelled architecture, also known as the "false arch," is a masonry technique where each horizontal layer of stone or brick projects slightly inward until the gap is bridged at the top. Ancient cultures utilized this method to create sacred spaces, symbolizing portals between the earthly and the divine. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Iconic Examples of Sacred Corbelled Structures
• The Treasury of Atreus (Greece): A monumental Mycenaean tholos tomb built around 1250 BCE. Its towering, beehive-like corbelled dome is one of the largest unreinforced domes in the world, evoking a powerful, womb-like sacred space. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]The Sacred Well of Santa Cristina (Sardinia): Constructed by the ancient Nuragic civilization around 1200–1000 BCE. This subterranean, stone-stepped structure terminates in a perfect, corbelled dome, used for water, lunar, and astronomical rituals. [1, 2]Maya Corbelled Vaults (Mexico & Central America): The ancient Maya heavily relied on corbelled vaults to create narrow, tapered "false arches" and high, triangular roof structures. Examples in ceremonial complexes like Uxmal or Palenque represented sacred mountains or pathways to the rain god Chaac. [1, 2, 3]Newgrange (Ireland): A Neolithic passage tomb built around 3200 BCE. Its corbelled roof has kept its inner chamber perfectly dry for over 5,000 years, brilliantly engineered to illuminate the passage with a beam of sunlight only during the winter solstice. [1, 2]Tel Shimron (Israel): Excavators discovered an incredibly preserved, 3,800-year-old Canaanite mudbrick corbelled vault on a sacred acropolis. This early passage represents Mesopotamian architectural influence in the Levant. [1, 2]

🎶Tel Shimron...?...a pause...bbk...bk...outdoor cats fed...

✨️🧐Tel Shimron

The site was mainly oriented toward the Northern Levant, dominated by the kingdoms of Yamhad and Qatna in Syria. There are also influences from the Middle Kingdom of Egypt in the south. The site may be mentioned as "š-mw-ʕ-nw" in the Egyptian Execration Texts.[17]
In 2017, a cylinder seal dating to the 17th century BCE was discovered at Tel Shimron. Made of hematite in the Old Syrian Classic style, it measures 1.5 cm in length and 8.5 cm in width with a 2.5 mm diameter hole. The seal depicts a sphinx and lion fighting over a human and stag, with two vultures, a sun and crescent shape depicted over the fight. In addition, a hare and a bull's head are pictured to either side. The depictions draw on influences from Egypt, Mesopotamia, and Northern Syria, showing the international nature of the site in the 17th century.[15

wiki

🎶thought is Shimron is an Egyptian Fortress Town...thought I have, is Jerusalem was too...Ohtani fc...Dodgers 3-As 3

✨️thought is Shimron is an Egyptian Fortress Town...thought I have, is Jerusalem was too...

You are spot on in your historical and archaeological intuition! Both ancient Shimron and Jerusalem were indeed deeply tied to the Egyptian Empire during the Late Bronze Age. [1, 2]
Shimron (Tel Shimron)
• Egyptian Ties: Located in the strategic Jezreel Valley, Shimron was a major Canaanite city-state. It is frequently mentioned in Egyptian texts, including the older Execration Texts and the famous 14th-century BCE Amarna Letters. [1, 2, 3, 4]Fortress & Vassal Status: In the Amarna correspondence, the king of Shimron is recorded corresponding directly with the Pharaoh. It functioned as an important administrative and vassal stronghold for Egypt along the major overland trade routes connecting Mesopotamia to Egypt. [1, 2]
Jerusalem
• Egyptian Ties: Long before King David made it the capital of Israel, Jerusalem was a powerful Canaanite-Jebusite stronghold.Fortress & Vassal Status: During the Late Bronze Age, it was also a vassal state of Egypt. The ruler of Jerusalem, Abdi-Heba, wrote multiple Amarna letters to the Egyptian Pharaoh frantically begging for Egyptian troops to protect his city and defend his region from groups known as the Habiru. [1, 2, 3, 4]

🎶Dodgers 5-As 3...bottom of fourth...

✨️shimron corbelled arch

+11
The Tel Shimron Corbelled Arch is a 3,800-year-old Canaanite mudbrick vault in northern Israel. Discovered in 2023, it is the oldest known corbelled arch in the southern Levant and a rare architectural link between early Mesopotamian engineering and later structural techniques. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Key Details & Significance
• What it is: A "false arch" constructed by stacking thousands of unfired mudbricks, where each layer steps slightly further inward until they meet to form a pointed ceiling. [1, 2, 3, 4]The Structure: The arch is the entrance of a narrow corridor and stairway that plunges deep underground beneath a massive royal acropolis tower. [1, 2, 3]Origin & Dating: It dates back to roughly 1800 to 1750 B.C.E. (the Middle Bronze Age). It is considered an evolutionary ancestor to the radial mudbrick arches later found at Tel Dan. [1, 2, 3]Why it Survived: Only 1–2 generations after it was built, ancient Canaanites deliberately backfilled the entire corridor and stairway with sediment. This intentional sealing is a mystery, but it is the reason the unfired mudbricks remain perfectly preserved. [1, 2, 3]Cultic Significance: At the entrance to the passageway, excavators discovered a "Nahariya Bowl" (an intact 7-cup offering vessel), which suggests the subterranean passageway and arch had a sacred, ritualistic, or cultic purpose.

🧐https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/a-3800-year-old-mystery-monument-uncovered-in-israel-180982910/

🎶a double pause...is the Nahariya Bowl a Menorah?

✨️pause...is the Nahariya Bowl a Menorah?

No, the Nahariya bowl is not a Menorah. While both are important artifacts from the ancient Levant, they belong to entirely different historical periods and serve different religious functions. [1, 2]
The differences include:
• The Nahariya Bowl: This is an archaeological term for ancient ceramic or stone offering vessels—often shaped with seven distinct cups or spouts. They were created by the Canaanites during the Middle Bronze Age (roughly 3,800 to 4,000 years ago) and were used in localized, pre-Israelite cultic rituals or to make offerings to deities. [1, 2, 3, 4]The Menorah: This is a seven-branched (or nine-branched for Hanukkah) candelabra used in Judaism. They are iconic ritual objects explicitly associated with the Temple in Jerusalem and Jewish tradition. [1, 2, 3]
Because both are seven-spouted or seven-cupped artifacts found in Israel, they are sometimes confused. However, the Canaanite Nahariya bowl is a prehistoric offering dish, while the Menorah is a Jewish candelabra. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Did you read about the Nahariya bowl discovered during the recent excavations at Tel Shimron, or are you researching ancient Canaanite ritual practices? Let me know if you'd like to explore more about that site!

🎶Rojas up...is the Nahariya bowl, Egyptian?...Ohtani up...difficult to parse, determine...somewhere I saw a multi-bowl...Ohtani wops a three run homerun...Dodgers 8-As 3...got lots of "somewhere I saw..."...

✨️multi pottery bowl egyptian

✨️multi nozzle lamps archaeology

🧐

https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/250996

🎶just a thought...🍿...menorah origin...Bible says it was coined during Moses trek...corbelled stone work!...when was that coined, invented, ...cleverness!...memory fart...bottom of seventh...top of eighth...

✨️first corbelled arch

🎶Ohtani up...New Grange is older than the Great Pyramid...aand it has spirals-phylotaxes...base hit...Rushing to third...

✨️Newgrange is an iconic 5,200-year-old Neolithic passage tomb in Ireland's Boyne Valley. Built around 3200 BC, it actually predates the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt by roughly 600 years. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

While geographically separated by thousands of miles, Newgrange and early Egyptian cultures share fascinating historical and archaeological overlaps: [1]

🎶Freeman hit...Betts FC...Ohtani on third...Betts on first...Teoscar up...K...Dodgers 9-As 3...working in the dark as they did, one would think they left behind discarded oil lamps...

✨️oldest oil lamps🧐

Some archaeologists claim that the first shell-lamps existed more than 6,000 years ago (Neolithic
, Later Stone Age
, c. 8500–4500 BC). They believe that the alabaster shell-shaped lamps dug up in Sumerian
sites dating to 2600 BC were imitations of real shell-lamps that had been used for a long time (Early Bronze Age
, Canaanite
/Bronze I–IV
, c. 3300–2000 BC).

wiki

🎶top of ninth...Tucker up...kerosene lamps traded on the Yangtze...

✨️kerosene lamps traded on the Yangtze...

The trading of kerosene lamps on the Yangtze River represents a monumental era of economic globalization in the 19th and 20th centuries. American and European companies, notably the Standard Oil Company, flooded the Chinese market with inexpensive lamps—sometimes even giving them away for free—just to create a lucrative, massive demand for imported kerosene. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
The "Mei Foo" Lamp
To penetrate the remote inland markets via the Yangtze, Standard Oil of New York created an incredibly successful, mass-produced glass and tin lantern. [1]
• The Name: It was known in China as the Mei Foo Lamp. "Mei Foo" is the Chinese name for Standard Oil, translating literally to "beautiful confidence". [1]The Strategy: The lamps were sold to locals for just 10 cents or bundled free with the very first tin of kerosene purchased. [1]Cultural Impact: Because kerosene burned cleanly and was far more affordable than traditional Chinese tea oil, it quickly replaced traditional lighting. The oil and the lamp became deeply embedded in Chinese rural life, inspiring references in literature such as Pearl Buck's famous work The Good Earth (often remembered for the motif of "oil for the lamps of China"). [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
The Yangtze Patrol and Trade
The Yangtze River was the primary artery of this aggressive commercial expansion. [1]
• Gunboat Diplomacy: British, French, and American warships (forming groups like the U.S. Navy's Yangtze Patrol) operated on the river to protect foreign merchant vessels and kerosene transports from pirates and regional warlords during the late Qing Dynasty and Republican eras. [1, 2]Logistics: Standard Oil and its British competitors built massive storage tanks, refineries, and distribution networks in major river ports like Wuhan and Chongqing, relying heavily on river steamers and sampans to carry the lamps and fuel into the deep interior.
Kerosene Lamps Today
In modern rural China, electricity has universally replaced the need for kerosene, and you won't find old "Mei Foo" lamps on the river anymore. However, vintage kerosene lanterns—including both authentic antiques and decorative, imported replicas—are actively bought and sold on global marketplaces like Facebook Marketplace or JustAnswer as highly sought-after collectibles. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

🎶somethings to remember...somethings not to forget...to bottom of ninth...new electric bikes all over at the beach...and the beach not crowded...it's Monday, I guess...one down...but June 29!...school's out for summer...As twitching...run scores...Dodgers 9-As 4...two out...down to last out...final strike...K!...Angels 2-Mariners 6...

:)

DavidDavid

Triangle: June 27, 2026

 Open to Interpretation

#Triangle

Game on...on the radio...Dodgers at Padres...searched up Augustus Plongeon's photographs...paused on one, the corbelled triangular doorway of the governors palace...a photo stop to this day...on either side of the doorway, are double spirals, frets, and three "steps"...the triangle has always been a puzzle in step fret triangle...often it's not there...but often enough it is!...and a thought popped...🍿...that corbelled doorway IS the triangle!...the glyph could represent just this scene of the Governor's Palace...top of third...one out...Freeland hit...Ohtani up...no score...hit...Freeland scores...Dodger 1-Padres 0...

✨️The step fret (or xicalcoliuhqui) on the Governor's Palace at Uxmal is a hallmark of Puuc-style Maya architecture. Carved from thousands of carefully cut stones, these geometric, interlocked motifs decorate the building's sweeping upper frieze, blending seamlessly with depictions of rain god masks and plumed serpents. [1, 2, 3]

Located in the ancient Maya city of Uxmal, Mexico, the Governor’s Palace is celebrated for its unparalleled scale and intricate stonework. The elaborate mosaic carvings are heavily layered with cosmological meaning. [1, 2, 3, 4]
• The Step Fret Motif: Also known as the "stepped spiral" or xicalcoliuhqui, this continuous geometric pattern is found throughout Mesoamerica and often symbolizes lightning, clouds, and the forces of water and fertility. On the Governor's Palace, they form a backdrop for the narrative frieze. [1, 2, 3, 4]Astronomical Significance: The frieze contains nearly 400 Venus glyphs embedded in masks of the rain god Chaac. The placement of the step frets and glyphs highlights the Maya's sophisticated understanding of the planet Venus, which aligns directly with the building's orientation. [1, 2]Structural Context: This grand palace stretches nearly 99 meters (325 feet) long and sits atop a massive, three-tiered platform that elevates the structure above the surrounding jungle. [1, 2]

✨️xicalcoliuhqui above corbelled doorway uxmal governor's palace

At the ancient Maya site of Uxmal, the xicalcoliuhqui (stepped-fret) design is a dominant motif covering the frieze of the Governor's Palace. Above the central corbelled doorway, this geometric pattern frames a monumental sculpture of a ruler (likely Lord Chac) seated on a throne and surrounded by two-headed serpents. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
The stepped fret design is integral to the building's symbolism. In Mesoamerican iconography, the xicalcoliuhqui (meaning "twisted gourd" in Nahuatl) is highly multivalent. On the Governor’s Palace, it represents: [1, 2, 3]
• Water and Fertility: Symbolizes flowing water, waves, and the zig-zag patterns of lightning, which is tied to the hundreds of Chaac (rain god) masks covering the building. [1, 2, 3]Cycles of Time: Serves as a cosmic symbol reflecting the agricultural cycle and astronomical observations, particularly the cycles of Venus. [1, 2]

✨️symbolism of corbelled doorway at Uxmal Governor's Palace

The corbelled doorways at the Governor's Palace in Uxmal serve as both structural marvels of Puuc architecture and sacred, celestial portals. Symbolically, the corbel arch represents the intersection of the earthly and spiritual realms, acting as a transitional threshold aligned with astronomical movements—particularly the cycles of Venus and seasonal rains. [1, 2, 3, 4]

The architectural and spiritual symbolism of these doorways is expressed in several layers:

• Literal and Metaphorical Thresholds: The corbelled vault, often referred to as a "false arch," delineated restricted, elite, or sacred spaces. Walking through the narrowing triangular passage was akin to crossing into another realm of divine power and knowledge. [1, 2]
• The Celestial Gate: The central doorway of the Governor's Palace is precisely aligned with the azimuth of Venus's rising as the morning star at its maximum southerly declination. The arch frames this cosmic alignment, acting as a literal telescope and monument to the Maya's advanced astronomical understanding. [1, 2, 3]
• Divine Icons and Rulership: Above the central doorway sits the largest figural motif on the entire east frieze: a seated ruler or deity (likely a manifestation of the rain god Chaac) enclosed by tiered bands ending in serpent heads. The archway below anchors this figure to the earth, visually and physically elevating the ruler as a mediator between heaven and the terrestrial world. [1]
• Serpent Symbolism: The corbelled doorways and overarching cornices often represent the open jaws of the Maya bicephalic (two-headed) serpent, a creature associated with royal ancestry, the sky, and the underworld. [1, 2]

🎶the fret, spiral, attribute rattle snake coiling...the steps, well, steps, tho oft said mountain, aand the palace has three tiers-stepped pyramids all about...step fret triangle...Peru...are there corbelled doorways in Peru?

✨️corbelled doorways in Peru?

While corbelling (stacking stone blocks to narrow an opening until they meet) was widely used for ceilings and tomb vaults, actual corbelled doorways are quite rare in pre-Columbian Peru. Instead, you will almost universally find the iconic trapezoidal, lintel-topped doorway. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
The most notable occurrences of these architectural features and alternatives include:
True Corbelled Structures
• Pilko Kayma: Located on the border of Bolivia and Peru (near the Island of the Sun), this Inca-era structure is renowned for having an intimate warren of rooms featuring intact corbelled roofs—a significant rarity in the region. [1]Chullpa Funerary Towers: Found at sites like Sillustani (outside Puno), these pre-Incan and Incan stone tombs feature interior corbel vaults (or false vaults) and traditional trapezoidal entrances. [1, 2]
Typical Inca Doorways (Trapezoidal)
• Machu Picchu: The Inca masterfully employed seismic-resistant, inward-leaning doorways with large single-stone lintels rather than corbelled arches. You can explore typical designs at the Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]Ollantaytambo & Sacsayhuamán: In the Sacred Valley, entrances feature exact-cut granite blocks that are narrower at the top than the bottom, providing maximum stability. [1, 2]
False Carved Doorways
• Aramu Muru (Gate of the Gods): Located near Lake Titicaca, this famous 23-foot-high site is an unfinished "false" T-shaped door carved directly into a mountain's sheer rock face. It doesn't actually open into a room or corbelled hallway. [1, 2, 3, 4]

🎶hmmph...Tommy up...on on FC...top of fourth...two out...Tucker up...trying to remember if Cloud People had corbelled doorway-they do have a few step frets...

✨️The "Cloud People," or Chachapoya, were a formidable pre-Columbian civilization that thrived from the 8th to 16th centuries in the mountainous cloud forests of the Amazonas region in northern Peru. Often referred to as "Warriors of the Clouds" by the Inca, they left behind spectacular, remote archaeological ruins. [1, 2, 3, 4]

Key Ruins to Explore
• Kuélap: Often called the "Machu Picchu of the North", this massive, 6th-century mountain fortress sits at 3,000 meters (9,840 feet) above sea level. It features soaring limestone walls and hundreds of circular stone houses. It is highly accessible via the Nuevo Tingo Cable Car. [1, 2, 3]Karajía: Famous for its cliffside sarcophagi. These unique, two-meter-tall wooden and clay coffins (shaped like human figures) are perched high on a limestone ravine, designed to protect the dead. [1, 2, 3, 4]Gran Pajatén: A sprawling, lushly overgrown ancient city featuring circular buildings decorated with intricate stone friezes located within the Río Abiseo National Park. [1, 2, 3, 4]
Why Their Ruins are Unique
Because the Chachapoya lived in a high, arid microclimate within the jungle, many of their tombs and villages remained remarkably intact. They were master builders who carved stone cities into virtually inaccessible mountain peaks and cliffs, and their distinct architectural style features round, rather than square, homes. [1, 2]

✨️Chachapoya doorways

The Chachapoya built iconic, trapezoidal doorways designed for defense. Best seen at the towering fortress of Kuélap in northern Peru, these deliberate structures are wide at the bottom and taper upward to the lintel, narrowing until only a single person can pass through at a time. [1, 2]
Key Features of Chachapoya Doorways
• Trapezoidal Shape: Unlike standard rectangular or arched entrances, these doorways are V-shaped, a distinct architectural hallmark of both Chachapoya and subsequent Inca design. [1]Defensive Design: Gateways in fortified complexes like Kuélap were heavily restricted, forcing approaching visitors into narrow, single-file funnels leading to the main plazas. [1]Verandas & Porches: Chachapoya circular buildings often featured a layer of flat stones sticking out of the walls at the level of the door, essentially creating a small porch or veranda before stepping inside. [1]Single Slabs: In smaller, residential Chachapoya cities like Llaqtacocha or Yálape, doorway lintels are frequently formed by single, heavy stone slabs. [1]

✨️Chachapoya Easter Island

While physically oceans and worlds apart, the Chachapoya culture of Peru and the Moai of Easter Island (Rapa Nui) are frequently compared because both created striking, human-like statues designed to watch over the landscape. [1]
These two ancient wonders differ greatly in function, material, and environment:
Chachapoya (Peru)
• What They Are: 7-foot-tall anthropomorphic coffins called Purunmachu.Placement: Placed on nearly inaccessible limestone cliffs, looking out over river valleys.Purpose: They functioned as elite sarcophagi housing mummified remains.Material: They were crafted from a durable mixture of clay, sticks, and stone rather than chiseled from a single rock.Location: Cloud forests of the Andes in the Amazonas region of northern Peru. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Easter Island / Rapa Nui (Chile)
• What They Are: Giant monolithic statues known as Moai.Placement: Stand along the coastal windblown plains, usually atop ceremonial stone platforms (ahu).Purpose: They represent deified ancestors meant to channel spiritual power (mana) and protect the island's descendants.Material: Completely carved from volcanic tuff rock.Location: A remote triangular island in the southeastern Pacific Ocean. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

🎶Ohtani up...W...

✨️doorway easter island

When people refer to a "doorway" on Easter Island (Rapa Nui), they are usually talking about the uniquely tiny doorways of the ancient traditional boat houses known as hare paenga. [1, 2, 3, 4]
The Hare Paenga (Boat Houses)
These historical structures were built by the ancient Rapa Nui people and were shaped exactly like an overturned, half-opened canoe. Because they were exposed to strong, whipping ocean winds, they were designed to be aerodynamic. [1, 2, 3, 4]
• The Doorway: The entrance was designed to look like an "oven mouth". It was incredibly small, allowing visitors to enter only by crawling—not on hands and knees, but strictly on their stomachs. [1]The Purpose: The door’s small size was highly intentional. It limited the amount of cold wind and rain that could blow inside and allowed just enough light through for inhabitants to see once their eyes adjusted. [1]Size: These homes were typically around 15 meters long, though the largest recorded hare paenga (located in the Tepeu area) measured a massive 45 meters in length. [1]
Other Doorway-Related Sites on Rapa Nui
Aside from the traditional boat houses, doorways on the island typically tie into:
• Subterranean Stone Houses: The Rapa Nui also built underground stone dwellings featuring traditional post-and-lintel stone doorways, many of which were documented in the late 19th century. [1, 2]The "Gateway" Metaphor: Rapa Nui is often romantically described by modern travelers as a "doorway" or a portal to another world due to its extreme geographical isolation and deep spiritual and cultural history. [1, 2, 3, 4]

🎶bases loaded...Freddie up...W...run across...Dodgers 2-Padres 1...Betts up...three walks and a hit batter!...base hit...Dodgers 4-Padres 1...first and third...one out...a "rain" delay while Padres change pitchers...this inning is like last nights nine run...Padres discombobulated...Muncie up...

✨️Nazca, Moche, Tiahuanaco, Doorways

These three pre-Columbian civilizations—the Nazca, Moche, and Tiahuanaco (or Tiwanaku)—flourished in the Andes and coastal deserts of South America between roughly 200 BCE and 1000 CE. They are best known for their monumental geoglyphs, towering pyramid complexes, and iconic monolithic stone architecture. [1, 2, 3, 4]

Nazca (c. 200 BCE – 600 CE)

• Location: Southern coast of Peru.
• Known For: The Nazca Lines, massive geoglyphs carved into the desert floor that depict animals, plants, and geometric shapes.
• Culture: They were highly skilled at engineering, creating underground aqueducts to survive in a harsh, arid environment. They also produced some of the most intricate, polychrome pottery in the region. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]

Moche (c. 100 CE – 800 CE)

• Location: Northern coast of Peru. [1, 2]
• Known For: Monumental adobe brick architecture, such as the Huaca del Sol (Temple of the Sun) and Huaca de la Luna (Temple of the Moon). [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
• Culture: Renowned for their highly realistic, lifelike pottery and masterful metalwork. They were a warrior-priest society with elaborate sacrificial rituals, and their graves—like the Lord of Sipán—are among the richest ever found in the Americas. [1, 2, 3]

Tiahuanaco (c. 400 CE – 1000 CE)

• Location: High-altitude Andes near Lake Titicaca in Bolivia.
• Known For: The Gateway of the Sun (or Inti Punku), an iconic megalithic stone doorway carved from a single block of andesite.
• Culture: A major ceremonial and administrative center known for advanced masonry, agricultural terracing, and raised-field farming.
• The "Doorway": The Gateway of the Sun features intricate, low-relief carvings with a central "Staff God" and winged bird-men. It likely functioned as a celestial calendar or a sacred portal. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]

🎶Tommy up...X...bottom of fifth...

✨️The Gateway of the Sun (Puerta del Sol) at Tiahuanaco (Tiwanaku) is the primary architectural and artistic link connecting these pre-Inca Andean cultures. While Nazca and Moche are distinct coastal civilizations known heavily for their pottery and desert geoglyphs, they share deep iconographic themes with highland Tiahuanaco. Most notably, the central figure on Tiahuanaco’s monolithic doorways directly mirrors the widespread Andean religious motifs found across all three cultures.

✨️Tiahuanaco Gateway of the Sun Bird People Easter Island

These ancient sites share strong mythological and artistic ties. While Tiwanaku (Bolivia) and Rapa Nui (Easter Island) are separated by thousands of miles, both cultures deeply revered a supreme creator deity and practiced iconic bird-man traditions alongside profound astronomical alignments. [1, 2, 3, 4]
The Gateway of the Sun & Tiahuanaco
• The Site: Located in the Bolivian Andes near Lake Titicaca, the Gateway of the Sun is a megalithic portal carved from a single 10-ton andesite block by the Tiwanaku civilization (c. 500–950 CE). [1, 2, 3]The Bird People: Its central figure is the "Staff God," surrounded by 48 winged, avian, and human-headed attendants. [1, 2, 3]Connection: Scholars like Arthur Posnansky and ancient astronaut theorists have noted its precise solar and astronomical alignments, theorizing it might have served as a calendar or a spiritual portal. [1, 2, 3, 4]
The Bird People & Easter Island (Rapa Nui)
• The Tradition: The Tangata Manu (Birdman) was a sacred annual competition on Rapa Nui dedicated to the creator god Makemake. [1, 2]The Competition: Warriors representing competing tribes would scale down a steep, 250-meter cliff from the ceremonial village of Orongo, swim through shark-infested waters to the islet of Motu Nui, and race to retrieve the season's first manutara (sooty tern) egg. [1, 2, 3]The Shared Motif: The victorious chief became the "Birdman" for the year, an elite status celebrated with petroglyphs combining human bodies with bird heads. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

🎶stuff like this made Thor Hyerdahl build a balsa wood raft...the Cloud People were near Ecuador, where balsa trees grow...

✨️where does balsa wood grow?

balsa wood grow
+5
Balsa trees (Ochroma pyramidale) grow natively in the humid rainforests and tropical clearings of Central and South America. Their natural habitat stretches from southern Mexico down to Bolivia. [1, 2, 3]
While native to the Americas, balsa thrives in warm, highly rainy environments with excellent drainage. Key details about where it grows: [1]
• Primary Source: Over 95% of the world’s commercial balsa wood comes from Ecuador, which has the perfect equatorial climate and mountainous geography for cultivating the tree. [1, 2, 3]

🎶did the deserts of Peru west coast have a "green" time like the "Green" Sahara?...

✨️did the deserts of Peru west coast have a "green" time like the "Green" Sahara?...

Green" Sahara?...
+16
Yes, the coast of Peru and the Atacama experienced episodic periods of significantly increased moisture in the past, transitioning from hyper-arid to much greener, semi-arid environments. However, unlike the "Green Sahara" (African Humid Period), which was driven by stable orbital changes, Peru's green times were typically driven by shifting monsoon cycles and massive El Niño flooding. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Key Periods of "Greening"
• The Late Glacial & Early Holocene (14,000 to 9,000 years ago): Geological and biological records, such as desert loess and ancient mollusk fossils found in the southern Palpa and Nasca regions, suggest the region shifted to a semi-arid grassland. This was likely caused by a southward shift of the Bolivian High, increasing the South American Summer Monsoon. [1, 2]The Mid-Holocene (Around 6,000 to 7,000 years ago): Archaeological excavations near the coastal Chincha Valley reveal that the areas stretching up to 3 miles inland from the ocean were not desert, but lush, swampy wetlands prior to intensive farming and human settlement. [1]The Central Andean Pluvial Event (12,500 to 11,000 years ago): While not exactly the immediate coastline, the nearby high Andes and Altiplano experienced a massive wet phase. This event formed gigantic lakes (like Lake Tauca) and caused heavy runoff down to the coast, providing a vital source of water for early Paleoindians. [1, 2, 3, 4]
The Modern Coastal Desert Paradox
Today, the Peruvian coast is one of the driest places on Earth due to the cold Humboldt Current and the high Andes creating a rain shadow. It generally only receives moisture from a dense marine fog known as garúa, creating "lomas" (vegetated mist oases). [1, 2, 3, 4]
However, over the last two decades, satellite data has shown that the Pacific slope of the Andes is undergoing a "browning" at low altitudes and a "greening" at higher ones. Paradoxically, scientists attribute this recent greening to climate change and warming ocean temperatures, rather than a return to the natural ancient pluvial periods.

🎶Ohtani up...0-2...Matsui on mound settled Padres down...an umbrella...K...thought popped 🍿that balsa trees had a wider range...made for a colonizing navy...redwood logs floated to Hawaii, Cabo San Lucas...aand, up north, the kayak...Russians brought Kayakers to Fort Ross...Padres with base runner...

✨️it's an anamoly that ancient didn't trade across the oceans

The premise that ancient civilizations didn't trade across the oceans is largely a misconception; they actually built vast maritime superhighways. Ancient mariners regularly navigated the open seas, connecting continents, transferring massive cargo, and driving the global economy long before the modern era. [1, 2, 3]
The notion of isolated continents is a myth. Some of the most remarkable feats of ancient oceanic trade included: [1]
• The Indian Ocean Exchange (2000 B.C. onward): This network rivaled the Silk Road in the amount of goods moved. Intrepid merchants from Africa, Arabia, Persia, India, and China used the predictable reversal of monsoon winds to cross open waters rather than just hugging the coastlines. [1, 2, 3]The Deep-Sea Canaanite Shipwreck: Surveyors mapped out the earliest deep-sea shipwreck ever found. The vessel sank 3,400 to 3,300 years ago, nearly 55 miles off the Israeli coast in the middle of the Mediterranean, proving the ancients were capable of intentional open-water sailing far earlier than previously assumed. [1]Pacific Crossings: The Polynesians were master navigators capable of crossing thousands of miles of open ocean using stars, currents, and birds. They successfully traversed the Pacific, leading to confirmed, ancient contact and genetic interchange between Polynesians and indigenous South American groups. [1, 2]

🎶"and birds"...Padres get a run...Dodgers 4-Padres 2...Padres a good team...

✨️Nazca step fret pottery

The "step fret" (or stepped fret) is a prominent geometric motif in ancient Nazca ceramics from Peru (c. 100 BCE–800 CE). It features a continuous line that creates right-angled, staircase-like turns, frequently interpreted by scholars as a stylized symbol for mountains, temples, or thrones. [1, 2, 3]
Cultural and Technical Significance
• Symbolism: The stepped fret and other geometric forms like zigzags and steps reflect the Nazca people's deep connection to their environment and agricultural fertility. Mountains were deeply revered as origins of water and the dwelling place of nature gods. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]Polychrome Painting: Nazca potters are renowned for using up to 15 vibrant colors on a single vessel. These intricate, bold designs were painted using liquid clay slips made from local mineral pigments (such as iron oxides for reds and manganese for black) before firing. [1, 2, 3]Double-Spout and Bridge: The stepped fret motif frequently adorns the classic Nazca double-spout and bridge vessel, a highly distinctive form used for pouring liquids and controlling the flow of air. [1, 2, 3]Relation to Geoglyphs: The bold linear and geometric designs seen on Nazca pottery strongly echo the famous Nazca Lines etched into the desert landscape. [1, 2]
To explore authentic examples of Nazca vessels displaying this motif, you can view the collections curated by the The Metropolitan Museum of Art or the The Art Institute of Chicago.

🎶once one sees the step fret and triangle on that three dimensional Nazca pot, and the Aztec feather shields, one can't unsee it!...Betts up...or not note the import-the pre-Columbian Americans were together...need to find link to one of those pots...bbk...

✨️AI Mode

The Nazca step fret motif (often called xicalcoliuhqui) transitioned from a flat, two-dimensional painted graphic into a literal three-dimensional architectural and sculptural element during the late phases of Nazca ceramic production. Instead of simply slipping the geometric stair-and-spiral pattern onto the surface of a bowl, Nazca artisans physically molded the clay vessel itself into the staircase and hook configuration.
Features of 3D Step Fret Pottery
• Sculptural Architecture: The vessel’s body—especially visible in double-spout and bridge bottles—is physically carved or built with stepped, tiered ridges that mimic Andean temple architecture and sacred geometric mountains.
• Polychrome Slip Fusion: Artisans combined physical relief sculpting with multi-colored slip painting (using up to 13 distinct mineral pigments) to accentuate the depth of the physical steps.
• Symbolic Convergence: In Andean iconography, the step represents the connection between Earth and the underworld (or mountains), while the fret/spiral represents water, waves, or fertility. Making it three-dimensional gave the vessel a monumental, architectural presence.

🎶bottom of seventh...aand, I cant find a Nazca triangle...its on moche Lord Sipan's cap...

✨️moche step fret triangle pottery

In Moche pottery (100–800 CE, ancient Peru), the combination of a step fret (stepped fret) and a triangle forms an iconic Andean geometric motif with profound cosmological meaning. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Artistic & Symbolic Breakdown
• The Step Motif: Represents the physical and spiritual landscape of the Andes. It symbolizes agricultural terraces built into steep mountainsides, temple stairs leading toward the gods, and the earthly world (Kay Pacha) connecting to the upper heavenly realm (Hanan Pacha). [1, 2, 3]The Fret/Triangle Motif: Often represents a stylized, angular wave or a coiled serpent. In coastal Moche culture, it symbolizes water, ocean currents, and fertility. [1, 2, 3]Andean Duality (Tinkuy): Combined, the step (land/mountain) and the fret/triangle (water/sea) represent the merging of opposing but complementary natural forces. [1, 2]
Usage on Moche Ceramics
• Chronology: This pattern was especially prominent in early Moche I and II phases (c. 100–400 CE) when pottery relied heavily on abstract geometric decoration and incised lines rather than highly detailed narrative painting. [1]Elite Status Indicator: The motif frequently decorates the clothing, headdresses, and earspools of warriors, priests, and elite individuals sculpted or painted onto stirrup-spout vessels. It signaled power, prestige, and religious authority. [1, 2, 3]Color Palette: Moche artisans applied this pattern using a characteristically limited bichrome palette—typically painting a deep brick-red slip over a cream or white slip background. [1, 2, 3]

🎶lol...not there yet...a Peru triangle...bottom seventh...two outs...to top of eighth...explained by a scholar, researcher...or Mexico triangle...and side by side...

✨️triangle motif in mesoamerica and andean cultures

In both ancient Mesoamerican and Andean civilizations, the triangle motif served as a foundational sacred symbol representing the connection between the earthly realm, cosmic structures, and the natural elements. While individual cultures applied specific regional myths to the shape, both macro-regions universally used triangles to communicate ideas about sacred landscapes, fertility, and divine authority.

───

🗺️ Mesoamerica: Mountains, Fire, and the Cosmos
In Mesoamerican cultures like the Maya, Aztecs, and Mixtecs, triangles were heavily tied to structural cosmology and the sacred landscape.
• Sacred Mountains (Tepec): Triangles represented mountains, which Mesoamericans viewed as "water mountains" (altepetl)—the source of water, sustenance, and the dwelling place of ancestors.
• The Stepped Fret (Xicalcoliuhqui): This ubiquitous hook-and-triangle motif symbolized the cut conch shell, wind, and the breath of life. It is famously carved into the stone facades of Mitla and Chichen Itza.
• Cosmic Fire & Hearth: In Maya cosmology, three stones were placed at the center of the universe during creation to form the first hearth. Maya art and architecture frequently used triangular clusters of three elements to mimic this primordial creation triangle.
• The Sky Serpent: Triangular rows on murals and pottery often depicted the scales of the Vision Serpent or Feathered Serpent, representing the shedding of skin, rebirth, and the flow of agricultural water.

───

🏔️ Andean Cultures: Water, Earth, and Social Order
In the Andes—including the Chavín, Moche, Tiwanaku, and Inca civilizations—the triangle was a key geometric tool used to conceptualize the harsh, vertical geography.
• Mountain Peaks (Apus): To Andean peoples, mountains were living gods (Apus). Triangular patterns on textiles and pottery directly paid homage to these protective deities who controlled the weather and water supply.
• The Chakana (Andean Cross): While the chakana is stepped, its modular structure relies heavily on a series of triangular tiers that represent the three realms of Andean cosmology: the upper world (Hanan Pacha), the human world (Kay Pacha), and the underworld (Uku Pacha).
• Water and Irrigation: Zigzag bands composed of repeating triangles were used by the Moche and Inca to visually represent flowing rivers, irrigation canals, and terraced agricultural fields (andenes).

🎶Dream researchers resort to noting how Dreamers report their dreams, wondering if in that, some clue to understanding dreams...that in posts a couple back...kinda the same thing, a side by side!, with the research captions to the step fret triangle... captions atop reports!-the ancients art...Dodgers get out of the bottom of eighth with double play...

✨️AI Mode

Pre-Columbian Andean architectural models (ceramic house models) offer an invaluable glimpse into ancient South American architecture, domestic life, and cosmology. Created by various cultures—such as the Moche, Recuay, Wari, and Chavin—these vessels often integrated highly symbolic geometric motifs like step frets into their designs. Florida Museum of Natural History +4
Cultural and Architectural Significance
• Moche & Recuay Models: The Moche (c. 100–700 CE) and Recuay (c. 1–700 CE) cultures created highly detailed, sculptural ceramic house scenes. These models depict gabled roofs, open patios, and solid adobe walls. They frequently show figures engaged in rituals, drinking ceremonies, or political assemblies inside the structures. Florida Museum of Natural History +4
• Wari & Chavin Vessels: The Wari (c. 600–1000 CE) produced house vessels with distinct overhanging roofs supported by pillars. Even earlier, the Chavin culture fashioned symbolic temples, sometimes featuring ritual elements like the San Pedro cactus or sacred jaguars. David Bernstein Pre-Columbian Art +3
Symbolism of the Step Fret
• Sacred Geometries: The step fret, or stepped-fret design, is one of the most prominent symbols across pre-Columbian art. Known as xicalcoliuhqui in Mesoamerica, its variants were equally dominant across Andean ceramics, textiles, and architecture. Wikipedia +2
• Dualities and Earth: The geometric combination of steps connected to spirals or waves symbolizes fundamental concepts such as the cosmos, water, mountains, and fertility. When painted or carved onto house models, they often delineated sacred spaces or denoted the high social and religious status of the occupants. Florida Museum of Natural History +4

🎶fump...still not a specific step fret and triangle Andean example...there are lots...search being illusive!...wait...the wall painting at Lady Cao's tomb in Temple of the Moon...Dodger 4-Padres 2...

As 1-Angels 4...😇

🧐https://thetinkuy.wordpress.com/figure-6-the-lady-of-cao-a-moche-ruler/

:)

DavidDavid