Chariot Wheels
News: Game on...on the radio...Orioles and Angels...to bottom of fifth...one down...Angels 5-5...Thais with an infield hit...I went back to looking for the labrys with the spirals on the blades, but still can't find it...fc...two down...but in looking I happened on this:
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which at wiki's page is together with this:
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minoan_Moulds_of_Palaikastro#/media/File:Gussform_Palekastro_04.jpg
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and that, that I posted up yesterday....and those are the only two stone molds that have been found...for sometime to lookabout for stone molds!...there must have been thousands, and stone very durable...I can't find a site, yet, that goes on and on about the designs that are on the ax blades...or why they appear sometimes double upped, or curly like these on the mold, the only ones I've seen with cupped curves like that...readsaid, near the airport on Santorini, is a still covered up town, untouched beneath the pumice and ash...for someday!...Angels made out...to top of sixth...two down, both Ks...Cahill pitching in relief for Angels...
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Can you guess the form of the oldest surviving casting? Drawing on characteristic prehistoric animal themes in art, it is a copper frog from 3200 BC Mesopotamia!
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Greek statues were still highly prized during Roman rule. Roman artists created marble and bronze copies of them, by making plaster casts that could be shipped to workshops throughout the Empire.
https://smartartbox.com/blogs/smart-art-blog/history-of-mold-making-and-casting
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Orioles with base runner...I thought the Roman bronzes were hand made replicas...hmmph...a wonder now how they did the stone replicas...Orioles made out...to bottom of sixth...Ohtani with long fly out...Upton up...Calhoun up...
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Metalcasting by the Indus Valley Civilization began around 3500 BC in the Mohenjodaro area,[14] which produced one of the earliest known examples of lost-wax casting, an Indian bronze figurine named the “dancing girl” that dates back nearly 5,000 years to the Harappan period (c. 3300–1300 BC).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lost-wax_casting#Middle_East
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thought to post pic of the dancing girl back a ways when going on about Indus Valley...it's famous....
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dancing_Girl_(sculpture)
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would like to find that frog...lead off home run for Orioles...Orioles 6-5...runner tries to stretch double, but, thrown out at third...one down...K for last out...to bottom of sixth...
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One of the most exciting discoveries of the year: a detailed, full-field photoluminescence study of a 6,000 year old copper "wheel" amulet from Mehrgarh in Balochistan has opened the door to many new facts about this period of history.
https://www.harappa.com/blog/mehrgarh-wheel-amulet-analysis-yields-many-secrets
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The oldest known example of the lost-wax technique comes from a 6,000-year-old wheel-shaped copper amulet found at Mehrgarh. The amulet was made from unalloyed copper, an unusual innovation that was later abandoned.[
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh
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Pujols with lead off home run...tit for tat!...Angels 6-6...
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On November 15th an article has been published on Nature Communications about a copper amulet (see the photo above) from Mehrgarh, Baluchistan, presented as the earliest object produced through the lost-wax technique.
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For a parallel, we can cite the Celtic use of wheel amulets (from here):
Symbolic votive wheels were offered at shrines (such as in Alesia), cast in rivers (such as the Seine), buried in tombs or worn as amulets since the Middle Bronze Age. Such "wheel pendants" from the Bronze Age usually had four spokes, and are commonly identified as solar symbols or "sun cross". Artefacts parallel to the Celtic votive wheels or wheel-pendants are the so-called Zierscheiben in a Germanic context. The identification of the Sun with a wheel, or a chariot, has parallels in Germanic, Greek and Vedic mythology.On the other hand, how old are the earliest traces of real spoked wheels used for vehicles? A common answer is: Sintashta in the Russian steppe, around or slightly before 2000 BC (for instance in the detailed book of Anthony "The Horse, the Wheel, and Language").
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Now, in Harappan seals we find a sort of spoked wheel, regularly with six spokes:
http://new-indology.blogspot.com/2016/12/the-wheel-from-mehrgarh-to-vedas-and.html
hmmph...page going on about a before and after for wheels...and, just a couple posts back I had this side by side...
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https://africanrockart.org/rock-art-gallery/algeria/nggallery/page/1
https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=minoan+gold+rings&chips=q:minoan+gold+ring,g_1:minoan+period&usg=AI4_-kQJxdq1HIPfxiI6uBFCtngKNHOMRA&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiTk8r4itLjAhW3B50JHY3YBf0Q4lYIMygI&biw=1080&bih=465&dpr=1.25#imgdii=oRuSbFaDNrtSTM:&imgrc=bPsUzMYZrxIQPM:&spf=1564126951155
https://treeinthedoorvideo.blogspot.com/
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hmmph...I dunno...the petroglyph in Algeria is hard to date...Fletcher ground out...Trout up...Trout reached base, I think...Orioles changing pitchers...Ohtani coming up...
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There are estimated to be around 1200 depictions of painted and engraved chariots in Saharan rock art, a number which has doubled in recent years.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305746518_Chariots_in_Saharan_rock_art_An_aesthetic_and_cognitive_review
nope, Trout made out...Ohtani too...to top of eighth...that link is to pay walled abstract...hmmph...keep digging for the age of those Saharan chariots!...brb...
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A number of sites from this Collection are located in the Libyan Desert, notably the Fezzan region, and include paintings of chariots in a variety of forms dating to the Horse Period, from up to 3,000 years ago. This has stimulated some interesting questions about the use of chariots in what appears to be such a seemingly inappropriate environment for a wheeled vehicle, as well as the nature of representation. Why were chariots used in the desert and why were they represented in such different ways?
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The success of the Garamantes was based on their subterranean water-extraction system, a network of underground tunnels, allowing the Garamantian culture to flourish in an increasingly arid environment, resulting in population expansion, urbanisation, and conquest.
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In a similar manner to the schematic chariots, the ‘Flying Gallop’ depictions display the entire platform and both wheels of the chariot. In addition, more than one horse is depicted as a single horse in profile with numerous legs indicating multiple horses; an artistic technique first seen during the Upper Palaeolithic in Europe. Interestingly, in the Libyan rock art of the Acacus Mountains it seemed that animals could be conceived of in profile and in movement, but chariots were conceived of differently, and are represented in plain view, seen from above or in three-quarters perspective.
https://africanrockart.britishmuseum.org/thematic/chariots-in-the-sahara/
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that irrigation bit has import...for sometime...if, I'm not mistaken, these chariot petroglyps are side by side with images of elephants and giraffs and such...scene from a time when the Sahara was wet and like the savannahs of lower Africa, or something....
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Tadrart Acacus, Libya
During the last 300,000 years there have been major periods of alternating wet and dry climates in the Sahara which in many cases were linked to the Ice Age eras when huge glaciers covered much of Europe and North America. Wet periods in the Sahara often occurred when the ice ages were waning. The last major rainy period in the Sahara lasted from about 12,000, when the last Ice Age began to wan in Europe, to 7,000 years ago. Temperatures and rainfall peaked around 9,000 years ago during the so-called Holocene Optimum.
http://factsanddetails.com/world/cat56/sub361/item1463.html
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"Wet periods in the Sahara often occurred when the ice ages were waning."...hmmph...anytime now it should began raining on the Sahara!...
Orioles making trouble...runners on with just one out...base hit...Orioles 8-6...the elephant is terrific...wish they would do LIDAR scans of the Sahara!...
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Satellite images have revealed traces of a vast ancient civilization in the Sahara desert.
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2015/02/drones-and-satellites-spot-lost-civilizations-unlikely-places
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The Garamantes (aɣrem in Berber language which means a castle) are a civilisation and tribe mentioned by Herodotus. They are thought to correspond to Iron Age Berber tribes in the southwest of ancient Libya.
These tribes constituted a local power between roughly 500 BC and 700 AD. They used qanat irrigation systems, and founded a number of kingdoms or city-states in the Fezzan area of Libya, in the Sahara desert.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garamantes
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Orioles made out...to bottom of eighth...Upton long fly out...Calhoun up...K...
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Qanats in the Americas, usually referred to as puquios or filtration galleries, can be found in the Nazca region of Peru and in northern Chile.[56] The Spanish introduced qanats into Mexico in 1520 AD.[
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qanat#The_Americas
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hmmph...diverted a long way from the designs on the lybris axes!...Albert up...fly out...oh, to top of ninth...
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In an August 21, 1906 letter written from Teheran, Florence Khanum, the American wife of Persian diplomat Ali Kuli Khan, described the use of qanats for the garden at the home of her brother-in-law, General Husayn Kalantar,[69] January 1, 1913[70]
The air is the most marvellous I ever was in, in any city. Mountain air, so sweet, dry and "preserving", delicious and life-giving.' She told of running streams, and fresh water bubbling up in the gardens. (This omnipresence of water, which doubtless spread from Persia to Baghdad and from there to Spain during its Muslim days, has given Spanish many a water-word: aljibe, for example, is Persian jub, brook; cano or pipe, is Arabic qanat—reed, canal. Thus J. T. Shipley, Dictionary of Word Origins).same wiki
— Florence Khanum (1906) cited in Arches of the Years (1999)
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The qanat system relies on snow fed streams, which flow down the foothills of surrounding mountains channeling through sloping aqueducts, often over far distances to discharge into city’s underground reservoirs or ab-anbars.
https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/431517/Qanats-offer-clues-to-ancient-way-of-life-in-Iran
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for the irrigation collection!...Orioles with base hit...
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http://hum.lss.wisc.edu/hjdrewal/rockart1.html
the horses are in a 'pose'...all stretched out running...I've begun a 'pose' collection...Angel rookie pitcher on mound gets the Orioles out...to bottom of ninth...want to track down too that perspective trick of jamming the horses legs all together, which shows up in Europe's rock art...oh, looking at rock paintings noted curved horns...and recalled a curio about the labrys axes...Goodwin K...one down...
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labrys#/media/File:AMI_-_Goldene_Doppelaxt.jpg
Thais with W...Renigfo up...
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesica_piscis
if one extends the curves of the blades on some of the labrys, it approximates the Vesica picis!...a reach...Angels with some good base running...two on, one out...Fletcher up...the axes for tomorrowmorrow, unless this game ties up like two nights back!...that ax shown has what looks to be the most common design on the axes...part of the design motif is twisted rope...3-1 the count...oh, 3-2...Fletcher flare hit...Trout up...runners at corners...Orioles 8-7...0-1 the count...oh, 0-2...Orioles should bring in their center fielder again to pitch...or not...Trout K...Fletcher steals second...and, they walk Ohtani...bases loaded...fump...clever Orioles...1-0 the count...Upton the batter...2-0...2-1...2-2...geez...down to their final strike...3-2...ick...pop out...fump...Orioles 8-7...insomuch the labrys mold was found with the machine looking mold, thought to be a astronomy tool, a calendar tool, I have the thought the labrys too was a calendar tool...tomorrow...
:)
DavidDavid
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